The magic of stone

Magic by their bewitching beauty, poetry and their vibrations.

They are the best messengers for me that am: for those who are watching and for ourselves.

We impregnate their softness and make them special by bringing them...

I do not want to do a complete encyclopedia on lit ho therapy but just stones with which I am currently trying to be as faithful to my current stock.

  

• Amethyst
• Cornelian
• Rock crystal
• Lapis lazuli
• Quartz
• Obsidian
• Snowflake obsidian
• Serpentine

Turquoise

It promotes digestion, blood circulation and eliminates toxins.

She treats diseases of the eyes, nose, and lungs.

It relieves migraine, combat nervousness, facilitates swallowing.

It impacts beneficially on the kidneys and bladder.

In massage, elixir of sweet oil, it effectively reduces muscle soreness.

It helps fight physical disorders, anorexia or bulimia.

It is a great help to treat areas of the body attacked by viruses and bacteria.

Turquoise would protect its owner in a bad fall and preserve the marine disaster.

Emblem of courage inspires noble feelings, forgiveness and generosity.

Pierre antidepressant, turquoise brings well-being.

Also a symbol of wisdom, in case of dispute, it promotes reconciliation.

PERIDOT

Peridot is a stone whose popular olive green, pure and deep, is in high demand. The quality specimens, weighing more than a few carats are rare and expensive. It is easily confused with tourmaline, zircon and sometimes even with the emerald. The deposits of the oldest and most productive are located in the Red Sea on the island of Zebrine. Other sites in Myanmar (Burma), Brazil and the United States, also provide high quality specimens.

Characteristic

     Crystal system: Orthorhombic

  Chemical composition: (Mg, Fe) 2 SiO 4: ferrous magnesium silicate

     Color: yellow green, olive green.

     Hardness: 6.5 - 7.0

     Specific gravity: 3.32 - 3.35

     Refractive index: 1.65 - 1.69

     Dispersion: 0020

     Pleochroism: Colorless, yellow, green, green.

     Birthstone: August

RUBY

The word ruby comes from the Latin "ruby," meaning "red". Before the 18 th century all red stones were considered rubies. Since we know the chemical composition and crystalline structure, it is possible to differentiate them from the stones of the same color.

The most beautiful red ruby from Mogok, Jemmy ferrous region north of Myanmar. There is the famous ruby "pigeon blood" which samples over 3 carats are more expensive than diamonds of the same weight. They are also found in Thailand, the main producer of rubies in the world. Additional resources are extracted, in order of importance, Sri Lanka, Vietnam and Cambodia.

The majority of Ruby (90 to 95%) is now the subject of treatments to improve the color and transparency. The most effective is called "heat-diffusion", where the stone is heated to a temperature up to 1600 degrees in a dye mixture that enters the perimeter surface of the stone. Used for several years in the case of sapphire, this treatment is a recent application in the case of ruby.

The production of gem-quality synthetic rubies is currently reaches climax. Their physical, chemical and optical properties are identical to those of natural rubies. They are distinguished in the laboratory from the impurities they contain, their responses to ultraviolet light in color and sometimes that does not have the same wealth.

  

The jewels in this section are from Thailand.

Their color varies from red to pink to purplish red. Clarity

Varies slightly included no inclusion visible to the naked eye.

Characteristic

    Crystal system: Trigonal “trigone “

    Chemical composition: Al 2 O 3

    Color: Red

    Hardness: 9.0

    Specific gravity: 4.00

    Refractive index: 1.76 - 1.77

    Dispersion: 0018

    Polychrome: Purplish red and orange-red

    Birthstone: July

SAPHIR

Until the eighteenth century, all gems blue sapphires were considered. With the knowledge of the chemical composition of rocks, their crystal system, their optical and physical properties, sapphire is now differentiated rocks of the same color and is considered a gem with its own characteristics. The most beautiful sapphires from Kashmir whose deposits are now exhausted. Their velvety blue color (also called "blue-blueberry") is popular. We also located in Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Australia, and Yo go Gulch, in the state of Montana in the United States.

Sapphire is often subjected to treatments to improve its color and transparency. The colorless or very pale blue tint is exceptional when heated in a dye composed of iron and titanium at temperatures approaching their melting point (about 1800 degrees centigrade). This treatment, which makes them lose 70% to 80% of their value, however, can be detected by an experienced gemologist.

The blue sapphires can easily be confused with Tanzania, spinal natural blue, iolite (cordierite) and glass. There are also a variety of colors (pink, yellow, green and clear), the rarest and most expensive being the undisputed " Padparadscha " fancy sapphires that are not found in Sri Lanka and whose unique orange pink hue evokes the most beautiful sunrises.

Characteristic

    Crystal system: Trigonal

    Chemical composition (Al2O3): Aluminum oxide

    Color: Blue

    Hardness: 9.0

    Specific gravity: 4.00

    Refractive index: 1.76 - 1.77

    Dispersion: 0018

    Polychrome: Blue-violet, blue-green

    Birthstone: September

Scapulae

Scapulae are increasingly on the market. Transparent, tough and durable, it is available in a wide variety of colors (orange, red, green, blue), the most used being the yellow and purple. It is easily confused with amethyst, Caitrin and yellow beryl. His main areas of extraction are Madagascar, Brazil and more recently, Kenya.

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Characteristic

     Crystal system: Tetragonal

     Chemical composition: (Na4 Cl (Al Si3O8) 3 n: Silicate complex

     Color: Yellow, orange, pink, red, green, blue, purple, colorless

     Hardness: 5.0 - 6.5

     Specific gravity: 2.57 - 2.74

     Refractive index: 1.54 - 1.56

     Dispersion: 0017

     Polychrome: yellow, colorless

SPINEL

Spinal comes in a wide variety of colors. The red and blue are the most sought, however. Their resemblance to the rubies and sapphires is notorious. The appearance in the last century, scientific instruments that can differentiate them, and have found that the "Black Prince's Ruby" and the "Timor Ruby", both the crown jewels of England, were in reality spinals.

Since the 20s, spinal is produced synthetically. It is used in the manufacture of doublets (a half stone which is natural and one synthetic) and in imitation of many gems, including garnet, amethyst, zircon, and sapphire, ruby and, of course, natural spinal.

The main deposits are located in Burma and Sri Lanka. Other mining sites, but whose production is of less importance exist in Afghanistan, Brazil, the United States and Thailand.

Characteristic

     Crystal system: Cubic

     Chemical composition: MgAl2O4 (magnesium oxide and aluminum)

     Color: All colors except yellow

     Hardness: 8.0

     Specific gravity: 3.60

     Refractive index: 1.71

     Dispersion: 0020

     Polychrome: None

TANZANITE

Tanzanite, also known as the zestier, was marketed by the American jeweler Tiffany. His intense blue dotted purple makes it very similar to sapphire or polite. Its rarity, combined with the high publicity it was the object, make a stone whose value is quite high. His only deposits are located in Tanzania and its main depot is now almost exhausted.

Characteristic

     Crystal system: Orthorhombic

     Chemical Composition: Calcium silicate and aluminum

     Color: Blue-violet

     Hardness: 6.5

     Specific gravity: 3.11 - 3.40

     Refractive index: 1.69 - 1.70

     Dispersion: 0030

     Polychrome: Purple, blue, brown

TOPAZ

The word topaz comes from the name of an island in the Red Sea, called "Topazes" in antiquity, and known today as the Zabrina. Previously, all yellow stones were considered topazes. It was not until the mid-18th century, thanks to the knowledge of its physical properties; we were able to distinguish it from other stones of the same color.

The yellow topaz is the best known of the general public. It is confused with Citroen, often fraudulently sold under names prohibited (Spanish topaz, Madeira, Rio ...). The real topazes are actually more expensive and less found in jewelry than we think at first glance.

The blue topaz is abundant on the market. Its light color is reminiscent of the finest aquamarines which it is often used as a substitute for affordable prices. Pink topaz is rare and is more expensive. It is usually found in antique jewelry.

The most productive deposits are in Brazil, Burma, Sri Lanka and Russia. Almost all are now treated to improve color: yellows turn pink when subjected to high temperatures, colorless take a deep blue when exposed to X-rays Most countries require that they have lost all trace radioactive before being sold on the market.

Characteristic

     Crystal system: Orthorhombic

     Chemical composition: Al 2 (SiO 4) (OH, F) 2 aluminum flu silicate

     Color: Colorless, yellow, orange-brown, blue, pink, green

     Hardness: 8.0

     Specific gravity: 3.52 - 3.56

     Refractive index: 1.61 - 1.64

     Dispersion: 0014

     Polychrome: Varies depending on color

     Birthstone: November

TOURMALINE

The tourmaline's have been found in Sri Lanka (Ceylon). Their name comes from the Sinhalese "turamali" which means a mixture of yellow stone. Although known to Europeans since ancient times, they were imported in the West until the early 18 th century by Dutch sailors. Noting that these stones attracted ashes of their pipes, they named them "Aschentrekker" which means "that attracts the ashes." The tourmalines are therefore the physical property to be pyre-electric: they electrifying under heat and attract dust particles.

The Tourmaline's come in a wide variety of colors:

The Paribas, discovered in 1989 (Brazil), is blue or green power;

The verdelite has several shades of green, emerald green being the most popular;

The Indicolite presents various shades of blue;

The Rubellite is pink to purplish red, the ruby is much appreciated;

The schorl, rarely used in jewelry, is black;

The Anchorite, rare variety, is colorless;

The "Watermelons" are bicolor (red and green) and other lights.

The color of tourmaline's can be modified by various processes. By heating to 600 degrees centigrade, take the green shades of emerald and red shades of brown, becoming bright red. The most productive deposits are located in Brazil, Sri Lanka and Madagascar. The purest and most transparent from Afghanistan. They are found in Tanzania (chromate green) and the United States (watermelon).

Tourmaline is tough, durable, and bright and offers a range of colors richer. It is one of the most popular precious stones and the most sought after by collectors around the world. While most are inexpensive, some selling prices reach astronomical. Chrome tourmaline, inviolate jubilates quality and can reach $ 500 a carat. Paribas tourmaline, whose colors green, blue or lilac so litigious earned him sometimes to be called "neon", can reach and exceed $ 3,000 a carat.

Characteristic

    Crystal system: Trigonal

    Chemical composition: Borosilicate complex.

    Colors: Toutesles colors. Pink, red and green are the most requested, however.

    Hardness: 7.0 to 7.5

    Specific gravity: 3.06

    Refractive index: 1624-1644

    Dispersion: 0017

    Polychrome: Weak to strong. Varies by color.

    Birthstone: October.

AQUAMARINE

Aquamarine derives its name from pale blue, slightly greenish South Seas. Its color most sought after and most expensive, however, the intense blue, rich and deep oceans. Infrequent in nature, this color can be obtained by heating (400 degrees centigrade) or radiation treatments that remove green tones and highlight shades of blue.

The aquamarines found in the market come mainly from Brazil (Minas Georas, Bahia, Espirito Santo). The mountainous regions of Madagascar, however, provide the finest specimens: their natural color is the most popular (and not blue-blue blue-green). Besides these two places of extraction included as main deposits: Burma, Sri Lanka, Zambia, Russia (Urals), Afghanistan and the United States.

Sometimes finding aquamarine whose weight and size are very impressive. The largest, on display at the Museum of Los Angeles, weighs 2594 carats. The pieces that are used in jewelry can reach fifteen carats. Long considered a stone found in abundance and is available cheaply, aquamarine untreated, the intense blue and excellent clarity is now more scarce and expensive.

Crystal system: Hexagonal

Chemical Composition: Silicate of aluminum and beryllium Be3 Al2 (SI6 O18)

Color: Blue, light blue, blue tinged with green or gray.

Hardness: 7.5 - 8.0

Specific Gravity: 2.72 (0.18 -0.05)

Refractive index: 1.577 to 1.583

Dispersion: 0.014

Polychrome: Low to medium (shades of blue, sometimes blue and blue-green)

Birthstone: March.

AMETHYST

Citroen quartz belongs to the group. Color, which usually goes from light yellow to dark yellow, makes her look like ethicals in topaz yellow or yellow beryl. They are also found which hue is warmer and the color tones of neighboring orange-red. It is mainly mined in Brazil as well as Madagascar.

The natural citrons are rare. Most of them are of Helaine quartz or amethyst irradiated and heated to over 500 degrees centigrade. The natural and those resulting from irradiation have a low polychrome while those from a heated amethyst do not. Their most common use is to be worn as jewelry. Those of lesser quality are carved as decorative objects.

Crystal system: trig one

Chemical Composition: Silicon dioxide (SiO2).

Color: Yellow-orange to brownish yellow.

Hardness: 7.0

Specific gravity: 2.65

Refractive index: 1,54-1.55

Dispersion: 0.013

Polychrome: No low (yellow / light yellow).

Birthstone: Replaces some topaz stone as of November.

DIOPSIDE

The dropsied is named after the words "say" and "posies" meaning double vision. The Greek root has been assigned because of its strong birefringence which causes a splitting of the pavilion facets when viewed through the table. The gem-quality dropsied generally has a very dark green which is caused by the presence of chromium. The stones that resemble it are emerald, peridot and tourmaline. Its main sources are mining in South Africa, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and Finland.

Characteristic

     Crystal system: Mono clinic

     Chemistry: Ca Mg (SiO3) 2 (Silicate of calcium and magnesium).

     Color: Light green to dark green, yellow, colorless.

     Hardness: 5.0 - 6.0

     Specific gravity: 3.30

     Refractive index: 1.67 - 1.72

     Dispersion: None

     Polychrome: yellow-green, olive green.

EMERALD

The first emerald deposits were discovered in Egypt 3500 years ago. They were abandoned when the discovery of deposits of Colombia, operated by the Spanish in the sixteenth century. The main mining areas are now located north of Bogota, specifically Mezzo, Chive, and Conquer Gauchely. It contains the finest emeralds in the world whose value is far superior to those from Brazil, India, Pakistan or East Africa. The emerald is light green to dark green, due to a small presence of chromium and / or vanadium. It is almost always occupied impurity liquids, gas bubbles, salts and crystals of all kinds. Far from being considered defects, inclusions rather to identify the region where the emerald is derived. Forming what connoisseurs call "gardens" of an emerald, they do not diminish its value if its transparency is affected. Emeralds are very fragile stones: shock sensitive due to numerous internal cracks, they must be worn with care and caution. They are easily confused with chrome tourmaline, aconite garnet and chrome dropped. They can also be imitated by the green glass and synthetic emeralds whose production reached a level of excellence in the early '50s.

Characteristic

Crystal system: Hexagonal

Chemical Composition: Silicate of aluminum and beryllium Be3 A2 (SI6 O18)

Color: Light green to dark green, tinged with blue or yellow.

Hardness: 7.5 - 8.0 but fragile

Specific Gravity: 2.72 (0.18 -0.05)

Refractive index: 1.577 to 1.583

Dispersion: 0.014

Polychrome: Medium to pronounce (green and blue-green)

Birthstone: May

Almandine-proper garnet

Proper-almandine garnet, the most widely used in jewelry, is found in abundance on the market. Several samples are of excellent clarity and have a very good transparency, but can not escape the so-called "garnet effect": some aspects of the flag still appear very dark or even black in places, whatever the intensity of the light in which we examine. His main fields are Sri Lanka and India, Burma, Brazil, Tanzania and Madagascar.

The chocolate garnet is a variety of almandine-proper garnet. It is essentially characterized by its red color pink and its refractive index (1.76). Its transparency is excellent and its brightness is high. It is the most popular and most sought garnet jewelry. It is found mainly in Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Zimbabwe and the United States. It is easily confused with ruby, spinal and red tourmaline (Robe line).

Characteristic

     Crystal system: Cubic

     Chemical composition: (FE MG) 3Al2Si3O12 silicate of magnesium, iron and aluminum.

     Colors: Red brown, red violet.

     Hardness: 7 to 7.5

     Specific Gravity: 3.6 - 4.2

     Refractive index: 1.73 - 1.83

     Dispersion: 0024

     Polychrome: None

     Birthstone: January

Taconite Garnet

The taconite garnet is named after the main place where one makes the extraction: Stave National Park in Kenya. Its green color makes it a unique stone great demand as is often confused with the emerald. However, it is brighter, clearer and stronger than it. Discovered in the sixties, its marketing was done in 1974 by Tiffany who launched a hundred years ago, another green garnet which deposits are now exhausted: the rare dermatitis.

Characteristic

     Crystal system: Cubic

     Chemical composition: Ca3Al2 (SiO4) aluminum silicate and calcium.

     Colors: Green to yellow green

     Hardness: 7 to 7.25

     Specific gravity: 3.61

     Refractive index: 1.74

     Dispersion: 0028

     Polychrome: None

     Birthstone: January

Cordierite

The name of this stone is indebted to the French mineralogist Philippe Courtier. It is also called iolite because of its Greek root meaning purple, or sapphire of water, whose name is banned but widely used in the market.

The color of cordierite is usually dark. Its polychrome is exceptional and can strongly influence it. The lapidary also takes this into account when the size: they direct shades of blue perpendicular to the table and produce a very small house so that the stone is not too opaque.

Cordie rite can be confused with Tanzania and sapphire. Its specific gravity and refractive index are excellent elements that allow us to differentiate them. Its main mining sites are located in Sri Lanka and in Burma, but also in Brazil, Namibia and Madagascar.

     Crystalline system: orthorhombic

     Chemical composition (Mg Fe) 2 SI5 Al4) 18 aluminum silicate and magnesium

     Color: Blue violet.

     Hardness: 7.0 - 7.5

     Specific gravity: 2.54 - 2.66

     Refractive index: 1.53 - 1.55

     Dispersion: 0.017

     Polychrome: Colorless to blue-gray, grayish yellow to purple.

How to spot a real diamond from a fake

Here is a simple test we can perform to determine if the stone in question is a diamond or a Zircon.

First, take a blank sheet of paper with a pen and draw a point on the sheet.

Then take the stone in question and the reverse of the sheet. We will position the diamond with the table down and centered on the point.

When you center stones about...

Zircon in the reflection point will appear circular easily through the roof. In contrast in the diamond will break up the reflection to become almost imperceptible. The stone on the left is the Zircon, for against the stone on the right is a diamond.

Additional Tests

Know the weight. With a precision balance, you can distinguish a diamond from a Cubic Zircon. A Zircon weighs nearly twice as a diamond of the same size. 1.00 ct diamond weighs 0.20 grams.

Scratches / scuffs. The diamond, in contrast to Zircon, has a maximum hardness and unchanging over time. With the use of a magnifying glass we can get a good overview of the facets of the diamond and the surface of the stone.

In a diamond we will never see a lot of scratches and scuffs, plus the edges between the facets are very sharp and pointed.

In a zircon we will scratch more easily and more edges between the facets are always rounder than those of diamond.

Stone information guide - Gems and precious stones

Gems and precious stones

Gems are classified into three categories:

 precious stones, gems and ornamental stones

All the stones fall into one great family: corundum, and quartz, beryl, the chalcedony, etc..

But, in fact, what is a gem?

A rock is a natural mineral or organic (such as ivory, pearl or amber), but also a synthetic stone. It is characterized by,

• The beauty of color,

• Its relative hardness,

• Its rarity in nature.

Gems:

Everyone knows that the belly of the earth and its bark has been the scene of huge shocks of magmas under duress enormous pressure. These changes are the cause of the creation of such crystals.

Some colored crystals and especially valuable because of their rarity, have taken the "precious stones". There are four:

  

• The Diamond

• The sapphire (corundum)

• Ruby (corundum)

• The emerald (beryl)

Precious stones:

The stones, say "semi-precious" gems are transparent, which were not included in the classification of precious stones. The stones used in jewelry.

Include:

  

• Aquamarine (beryl)

• Amethyst (quartz)

• Citrine (quartz)

• Rock crystal (quartz)

• Garnet (garnet family)

• Peridot (orthorhombic crystal system)

• Topaz (crystal system orthorhombic)

• Tourmaline (family cyclosilicates - orthorhombic crystal system)

• Zircon (synthesized crystals - crystal system tetragonal)

Ornamental stones:

The ornamental stones are also called "fancy stones." They shine on their surface by the play of light. They are often cut in cabochon or used in glyptic (seals, cameos).

The ornamental stones are opaque or translucent:

  

• Agate (quartz microcrystalline - monoclinic crystal system)

• Alexandrite (chrysoberyl)

• Azurite (monoclinic crystal system)

• Chalcedony (quartz family which include chalcedony)

• Cornelian (quartz)

• Hematite (rhombohedra crystal system)

• Jade (for the family of pyroxenes jadeite and nephrite amphibole)

• Jet (variety of lignite)

• The jasper (quartz - crystal system monoclinic)

• Lapis lazuli (for the crystal system cubic lazurite)

• Malachite (monoclinic crystal system)

• marcasite (orthorhombic polymorph)

• Obsidian (glassy rock fluidal texture)

• Onyx (chalcedony)

• Opal (amorphous crystal system)

• The moonstone (feldspar family)

• Sardonic (chalcedony)

• Turquoise (family phosphates)

  

Organic substances:

 • Coral

• Pearl

• Amber

We have chosen to present below many gems by ordering as much as possible according to their relationship when they exist.

First of all gemstones, diamond is the subject of a separate chapter, followed by other materials:

• Sapphire

• Ruby

• Emerald

• Beryl

• Aquamarine

• Amethyst

• Citrine

• Jade

• Quartz

• Onyx

• Garnet

• Peridot

• Topaz

• Tourmaline

• Kunzite

• Opal

• Spinel

• Pearl

• Coral

• Amber

Sapphire: The color purity in the soul is deep like night and candid like heaven.

Sapphire: The color purity in the soul is deep like night and candid like heaven.

Its brightness is that of calm waters.

Beliefs about the sapphire

Always, the sapphire is extremely precious. In Hebrew his name means "the most beautiful thing." Tables of the Law given to Moses on Mount Sinai were sapphire.

Orientals have always considered the most powerful talismans. We thought it made rich, kind, peaceful and devout. It is also said today that the sapphire attracts sympathy, preserves the purity of the soul and is the symbol of marital fidelity. This stone is considered soothing

The blue of the sapphire has always been the symbol of sincerity, loyalty and fidelity. The sapphire is perfectly suited to the wise and faithful wife.

Features sapphire

The sapphire is a mineral of the corundum family. It's a very hard stone that can scratch all others, except the diamond.

Sapphire is made of aluminum oxide crystals containing impurities which are in fact other oxides (titanium, iron, and / or chromium).

All colors of corundum are called "Sapphire" with the exception of red corundum is called ruby.

When we talk of the sapphire without more, is that it is the blue sapphire. However, sapphire has other colors: pink, orange, green, yellow, purple, violet and white.

The blue sapphire is the best known, while the sapphire-colored pink-orange is the rarest.

Sapphires that have a six-pointed star (star sapphires) are cut in cabochon so that the shimmering effect of the star is not altered by the facets.

Producing countries sapphires

The most common sapphires, a dark blue almost black, are in Thailand or Australia.

Sapphires are the most coveted ones in Sri Lanka. They are a light blue and pure.

Sapphires rarest and therefore most valuable, blue-blueberry or royal blue, from Kashmir, Burma and Cambodia.

Natural and synthetic sapphire

Make known in the laboratory synthetic sapphires and rubies whose chemical composition and physical properties are the same as natural stone.

The Marriage of Sapphire

They feast for the 16 years of marriage

Ruby: the essence of the old Ruby is the most expensive gemstone due to its rarity

Ruby: the essence of the old Ruby is the most expensive gemstone due to its rarity. It is a glowing red, a symbol of passion.

Beliefs about the ruby

The Oriental Stone calling it "a drop of blood of Mother Earth." The color of flame and purple and deep, warm glow symbolized in their life and strength of living beings.

Features of Ruby

Like sapphire, ruby is a gemstone of the corundum family. It is also made of aluminum oxide crystals containing impurities which are in fact other oxides such as titanium, iron, and / or chromium. The presence of chromium that gives the ruby its red color.

The color of the ruby varies from pink to dark purple. The "pigeon blood" color is the most sought after, that of a carmine red argued, with some bluish.

Producing countries ruby

The finest rubies are found mainly in Burma. Cut in cabochon, ruby as sapphire, can reveal its reflection in a beautiful six-pointed star.

Ruby wedding

Celebrating the wedding of Ruby after 35 years of marriage

Emerald: The green color of the hopes for tender, the emerald is the most feminine of gems

Emerald: The green color of the hopes for tender, the emerald is the most feminine of gems. It contains tiny inclusions reminiscent of secret gardens, the "Emerald Gardens."

Beliefs about the emerald:

It is said that the emerald has the property to acquire the qualities and faults of those who wear it.

This precious stone symbolizes hope and inspiration. It is also the stone of knowledge, the bearer of universal knowledge.

It protects and brings couples.

It would be soothing.

Characteristics of the Emerald:

The emerald belongs to the family of the beryl’s.

Emerald can only be green. Its value is even greater than its color is vivid and intense.

The emerald has the most inclusions. These inclusions called "frosted" give identity to the natural stone.

However, these inclusions weaken the gem, so much so that it is best to cut into rectangular shape with four corners cut, to give it greater strength, which is what we call the "size emerald”

Emerald producing countries:

The finest emeralds come from Colombia.

Emeralds from Brazil, Zambia and Zimbabwe are generally of lower quality, while the emeralds from South Africa, India and Pakistan are generally the least appreciated.

The wedding emerald

Celebrating the wedding of Emerald on the occasion of 40 years of marriage

The Beryl - Characteristics of Beryl - Producing countries beryls

The Beryl: a family of coolers Les are a family of beryl gems that include several stones of the same physical and chemical composition, including the brilliance of emerald green color is the most ardent, aquamarine, which accepts all shades of blue - pale blue sky, deep blue, the color pink morganatic, heliodor the characteristic yellow color, yellow beryl or bronze reflection gahnite, colorless.

Characteristics of Beryl:

The beryls are widespread. Their beautiful colors, accentuated their bright and good hardness of 7.5 / 10 makes it easy to wear for any occasion.

The beryls are silicates of aluminum and beryllium. The pure beryl or "goshenite" have no color. When they include other minerals, they are different colors: green, yellow, pink or blue.

Thus, the aquamarine is more or less blue because it contains more or less iron. In all cases, the color is perfectly uniform.

The "Morganatic", so called since 1911 in honor of the great lover of gems from New York John Pierpont Morgan, has a color range that goes from pink to pale violet, through the deep pink hue and fishing. These colors are due to the presence of manganese in stone. In the past, this stone was called the "pink beryl."

The "golden beryl" is a beautiful yellow with traces of uranium it contains. This changed when the yellow beryl contains iron, in addition to uranium. We are then in the presence of a stone called the "Heliodorus."

Producing countries beryls

The beryls are found in Mozambique, Brazil, Madagascar, Namibia, Russia and the United States.

Beryl deposits are generally similar to those of aquamarine.

Beryl's wedding

Celebrating the wedding of beryl when it reaches 23 years of marriage.

The emerald has a special status because they deserve it after 40 of marriage, but it can also offer from the 23 years of marriage.

Aquamarine: A stone that creates liens Son name comes from the Latin "aqua" meaning water and "mare" meaning Wed

Aquamarine: A stone that creates liens Son name comes from the Latin "aqua" meaning water and "mare" meaning Wed

Beliefs about the aquamarine:

The aquamarine is blue like the sky, but also the color of the water of the lagoon. It seems that it originated in the treasure chest of mermaids and is the reason it is deemed to be the talisman of the sailors.

His blue attracts sympathy, trust, harmony or friendship. The aquamarine is conducive to good long-term relationships. It is the stone that best lovers and married couples.

Characteristics of Aquamarine:

Like emerald, aquamarine belongs to the family of the beryls. However, its color is more uniform.

The blue color comes from traces of iron it contains, a blue that goes from very pale blue, almost nonexistent, the ultramarine blue. Plus the color of aquamarine is pronounced, the more it is appreciated.

Some have a slightly green color, but the blue and the characteristic that puts the best value in its clarity, brilliance and luster.

Aquamarine has good hardness (7 / 10 7.5) that adequately protects from scratches.

Producing countries aquamarine:

The main producer of aquamarine is Brazil. There are also aquamarines in Nigeria, Madagascar, Mozambique, Afghanistan and Pakistan.

The aquamarine called "Santa Maria" comes from the deposit of Santa Maria de Itabira located in Brazil. It is a beautiful deep blue and deep. By analogy, there is an aquamarine called "Santa Maria in Africa" ??whose color is similar to that mined in Brazil, but have a blue of the same depth.

The "Martha Rocha" is an aquamarine-blue specific. It is so called in honor of a Brazilian beauty Miss in 1954.

The wedding of beryl aquamarine for

Celebrating the anniversary of generally 23 years of marriage by providing a beryl, aquamarine is a great opportunity.

The Amethyst: self-control

The Amethyst: self-control

Beliefs about the amethyst:

Amethyst comes from the Greek "améthien" meaning "not drunk". In ancient times, Greeks believed that amethyst indeed protect against drunkenness.

From the middle Ages it was believed that the amethyst favored celibacy, faith and humility. So it was the stone Episcopal par excellence. It was also widely used in the decoration of Catholic churches, while the bishops were the finger.

Thus, the amethyst was a symbol of strength, reliability and credibility.

Characteristics of the amethyst:

Amethyst belongs to the family of quartz.

It is diachronic (property of having a different color depending on the angle of observation). Indeed its nuances pass from violet-blue to violet-red or purple-gray depending on the angle of observation.

A strong diachronic turning to purple-red is particularly appreciated.

Each amethyst can have a very different color: lilac, lavender, violet, purple, purple with intense red highlights (nice color).

The amethyst-colored are relatively frequent, while those of intense color are the most popular.

The inclusions are generally tolerated in amethyst color intense amethysts in clearer.

Amethyst is a high hardness (7 of 10 on the Mohs scale). This is the purple gemstone most often used in jewelry, in jewelry and artistic creations.

To standardize color, amethyst is often heat treated.

Amethyst-producing countries:

The amethyst-colored often come from South America, mainly Brazil.

The rarest, those with intense color and a heavy weight, are in Africa.

The amethyst purple with red highlights intense, highly coveted, comes mainly from Africa but also from Russia (Siberia), Bolivia and Uruguay.

The wedding of amethysts

Celebrating the wedding of amethyst on the occasion of 48 years of marriage.

It is also the stone of the month of February

Citrine: vital energy

Citrine: vital energy

The course reminds citrine color "lemon", ranging from yellow to gold, orange and brown.

Beliefs about the citrine:

Citrine is "hot" like the sun. It is invigorating, challenging, given the "fish" and uses intellectual ferment.

Characteristics of the citrine:

Citrine (silicon dioxide) belongs to the family of quartz, like amethyst and rock crystal. Its yellow color is due to the presence of small amounts of iron oxides. It is also called "yellow quartz." In any case, it can be a "Topaz" with which we are willing to be confused because it is not worth a high price.

There are rarely citrine naturally. In most cases, it is heated amethyst purple for his original turns yellow.

When she is natural, a deep yellow to intense gold, citrine is much appreciated. In fact, its value increases with the intensity of its color.

Not so long ago, we gave more importance to the dark color of citrine, one that recalls the color of Madeira wine, and called also the "Madeira citrine".

Because of its high hardness of 10 7, citrine gemstone is the most used yellow in jewelry.

Producing countries citrines:

The deposits of Citrine are found in amethyst-producing countries: mainly in Brazil, but also in Russia, Bolivia, Uruguay, Madagascar, Zambia, Namibia, and Canada.

A native citrine for November

There is no marriage of citrine. However, it is dedicated especially to the citrine native of November. But nothing prevents us all to have fun!